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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

i CHARLES H. JOHNSON, OE BOSTON, IxIASSACHUsETTS, -ASSIGNOR rro HIM- SELE AND CHAs. EUGENE WOODMAN, OESAMEHPLACE.

DETACHABLE HORsEsI-IOE-CALK Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 47,360, dated April 18, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. JOHNSON, of Boston, of the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have made an invention of new and useful Improvements in Horseshoes and their Calks; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 denotes an under side view of a horseshoe as made for the reception of the heel and toe calks, constructed in accordance with my invention, one of the heel-calks being exhibited as in place. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the shoe with the heel and toe calks in place on it. Fig. 3 is a top view, and Fig. 4 is a front elevation, of the toecalk. Fig. 5 is a top view, and Fig. 6 an end elevation, of one of the heel-calks. Fig. 7 is alongitudinal and vertical section of one of the heels and its calk. Y n

In carrying out my invention I provide the shoe A at its toe as well as at each of its heels with a flange," or projection to extend from the treadV or lower surface of the shbe. On opposite sides of the said flange I make in the shoe two mortises, as shown at b b or4 b b in Figs. l and 7. Each of the calks BAG D, I construct with tenons c c, to enter the Inortises, and also so as to straddle or encolupass theilange, as shown in Fig. 2. The toecalk has four tenons and four mortises. I also' recess oppositesides of each of the heelanges and opposite ends of the toe-Hange, Such recess being shown at d d,the recesses being for the reception of curved projections c e, extendingfrom the calk applied to such ange. Furthermore,I cross-groove each of the ianges on its face, as shown at f f, and construct the calk of such flange with a projecting cross, g, to enter and fit in the cross-grooves ff.

In applying the Calks to the Shoe the anges enter their respective calks. The tenons of such calks also enter the mortises Inade for their reception. After each calk has been so applied to the shoe, one or more screws, h, is to be screwed into the shoe and through the two opposite tenons of such calk. I prefer this arrangement of the screw to that of pass:

ing it through the calk and ange, because the first arrangement protects to better advantage than the second the screw from injury.

l The calks, as represented in the drawings,

are designed for draft-horses and'for use Where thereis no snow or ice on the surface of the road. To render them useful as snow or ice calks, they should be longerj'and sharper.`

With my invention, when the calks may have become so injured by use as to require It is well-known that frequent removal of the shoes from the foot of a horse for the purpose of repairing the calks of Such shoe'is a matter to be avoided, if possible, as it is liable to injuriously affect the hoof. .By having the two tenons and their mortises on opposite sidesof the flange and calk, I am enabled to support the calk and fasten it to the shoe to much j l better advantage than I can with but one tenon and its mortise. The lateral I recess 'in the iiange and in the corresponding projections Inadeon the calk also contribute greatly toward keeping the calkin place under the strains and blows to which it :may be sub` jeetedwhile in use,and, besides, these recesses and projections protect the tenons from strains liable to break them. The crosses in relievo and incavo also aid in strengthening the position of the calk, and relieve .the tenons from strains tending to break them. i

What I claim aS my invention is as follows:

1. The arrangement and combination of the two tenons c c and their mortisesb b or b b on opposite parts of the calk and flange with the shoe, the calk, and the ange.

2. The combination of the rilievo and incavo crossesf g, or their equivalents,with the calk, the flange, andthe tenons and mortises of the calk and shoe.

3. The combination of the lateral recess alA on the iiaugeand its corresponding projection, e, on the tenon with the calk-tenon and flange applied to the shoe, substantially as specified.

4. Thearrangement of the fastening-screw hviz., so as to pass through the shoe and through the tenons-as Set-forth.

Vitnesses:

F. P. HALE, Jn', FREDERICK CURTIS. y

C. H. JOHNSON.` e 

